Eccrine poroma is a benign tumor that occurs in eccrine or apocrine sweat glands. It is a solitary lesion, usually the same color as the skin and located on the palms and soles. The authors report a clinical case of pigmented eccrine poroma, in light of its rare and atypical clinical presentation of the tumor, which in this case simulates a malignant melanoma.

Keywords: POROMA; SWEAT GLAND NEOPLASMS; MELANOMA.

Introduction: Cutaneous melanoma has significant relevance among malignant skin tumors, for despite its low incidence (3-4%) it is associated with the highest mortality. In Brazil, estimates for the year 2014 correspond to 10% of all cancers, establishing this as an important public health issue. Objectives: To present epidemiological data related to melanoma skin cancer in the midlands of the Brazilian State of São Paulo. Methods: Descriptive retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from a tertiary hospital's medical records. The analysis was subject to measurement and information bias. A descriptive analysis with frequency and percentage was carried out. Results: There was a prevalence of cutaneous melanoma in women (71%), patients between 50 and 70 years of age (56%), Caucasians (78%), and individuals who identified their lesions through self-examination (42%), with predominant involvement of the trunk (35%). The most prevalent histological subtype was the superficial spreading (58%). Conclusions: Understanding the epidemiology of cutaneous melanoma in a given geographic region enables and facilitates medical actions, allowing for the better establishment of strategies for primary and secondary prevention.

Keywords: MELANOMA, EPIDEMIOLOGY, SKIN NEOPLASMS.

The present article discusses the importance of differential diagnosis with lesions located in the umbilicus. A case of verrucous nevus is described in this location, emphasizing the role of dermoscopy in the diagnosis.

Keywords: MELANOMA, EPIDEMIOLOGY, SKIN NEOPLASMS.

Eccrine spiradenoma is a rare benign adnexal epithelial neoplasm characterized by a bluish-pink, slow-growing solitary nodule, coursing with paroxysmal pain, mainly in young adults. It is most commonly located in the trunk and extremities. Bleeding and/or ulceration are common in the giant vascular variant, which is characterized by a size greater than 2 cm in diameter and a high degree of vascularization seen on histology. Its clinical characteristics are unspecific and require biopsy with histological analysis for diagnosis. Its histology presents one or more basophilic intradermal lobules enveloped in a fibrous capsule without connection to the epidermis. It presents two types of cells: small cells with dark nuclei in the periphery and large cells with light nuclei in the center. An accurate diagnosis is important due to the fact that it can develop into a potentially fatal malignancy - which is a rare phenomenon and occurs most often in the multiple variant. A rare case of eccrine spiradenoma in the abdomen with bleeding associated is described in the present paper, as well as a discussion on possible treatments.

Keywords: ECCRINE SPIROADENOMA, BENIGN EPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, SEBACEOUS GLANDS

Introduction: The trends of malignant melanoma in Brazil are aligned with those worldwide: increasing incidence with reduced degree of severity at diagnosis. Objective: To use the prognostic criteria of the Grupo Multicêntrico e Multidisciplinar Brasileiro para Estudo do Melanoma (Brazilian Multicenter and Multidisciplinary Group for the Study of Melanoma) combined with clinical characteristics aimed at developing a clinical and histopathological profile of melanoma cases. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, with the retrospective analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with melanoma at a tertiary dermatology reference unit in the city of Bauru, in the Brazilian southeast State of São Paulo, between January 2007 and July 2014. Results: Female patients accounted for 56.2%, with ages ranging from 27 to 95 years (Mean = 61.4 years), with a lesion having been detected on physical examination in 36% of cases. The highest incidence of the disease was in the lower limbs (23.5%), with the superficial spreading subtype corresponding to 79.6% of biopsies. The average Breslow thickness was 2.9 mm, and in 28.1% of cases, the lesion was in situ. Conclusions: The following profile emerged: women, 61-years-old, with lesions in the lower limbs, superficial spreading subtype and with evidence of good prognostic. Studies like this are important due to the fact they provide subsidies for the design of strategies to treat the population.

Keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; MELANOMA; HISTOLOGY; PATHOLOGY, SURGICAL; SKIN NEOPLASMS

Tumoral melanosis is a histological term used to refer to a nodular accumulation of melanophages in the dermis, which clinically arises as a pigmented lesion. It is usually associated with the regression of melanomas or of other melanocytic lesions. The authors present the case of a 45-year old man/woman with a pigmented macule on his/her left leg. The lesion was completely excised and diagnosed as a tumoral melanosis.

Keywords: MELANOMA; SKIN NEOPLASMS; DERMATOSCOPY

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second more frequent non-melanoma skin cancer. It is linked to the sunlight exposure and the clinical presentation in the foot is atypical, and rarely develops metastasis. The authors report a case of a patient with an exuberant clinical picture of squamous cell carcinoma in the foot, with long development and absence of metastasis. Surgical treatment was successfully performed.

Keywords: Foot; Melanoma, amelanotic; Neoplasms, squamous cell

INTRODUCTION: The gold standard diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma is essentially histological. Dermoscopy adds to clinical examination improved sensitivity and specificity.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histological profile of risk melanocytic lesions excised in a dermatology service.
METHODS: Case review through Excel spreadsheet and survey of dermoscopic, histological and topographic data (January 2017 to December 2018).
RESULTS: Data from 62 suspected melanoma lesions were evaluated in this period. The main histological results were: melanocytic nevi (37.1%), melanoma (19.35%), and dysplastic nevi (17.7%).
CONCLUSIONS: The positive predictive value for melanoma was 19.35%, considering the search for an early diagnosis in patients at risk.

Keywords: Neoplasms; Melanoma; Dermatology

Malignant melanoma is a melanocyte tumor responsible for more than 75% of skin cancer deaths. The rare variants of this pathology are responsible for 5% of the cases and may mimic other pathologies. We report the case of a patient with spitzoid melanoma and we discuss the dermoscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings, as well as the follow-up of this rare variant of melanoma.

Keywords: Melanoma; Nevus, epithelioid and spindle cell; Melanoma-specific antigens; Skin neoplasms; Dermoscopy

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, and melanoma is the most lethal.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to melanoma in Brazil between 2000 and 2016.
METHODS: Ecological time-series study involving all deaths from melanoma in Brazil from 2000 to 2016. The crude death rate, adjusted for the Brazilian population and the world population, was analyzed. For the analysis, we used the regression model by inflection point with 5% significance.
RESULTS: In the period, 22,963 deaths from melanoma were recorded in Brazil, with an increasing trend in the crude death rate (2.6%), and in the adjusted rates for the Brazilian (0.6%) and the world population (0.5%). In the Southeast, we observed a steady trend in the crude death rate and the adjusted rate for the Brazilian population, as well as a decreasing trend in the world population rate. The crude death rate (77.77%; n=21); the Brazilian population (59.25%; n=16), and the world population adjusted rates (55.55%; n=15) presented an increasing trend. Only São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro showed a decreasing trend in the death rate adjusted for the Brazilian and the world population.
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed an increase in mortality from melanoma in Brazil. Policies should be implemented to favor early diagnosis and timely treatment.

Keywords: Melanoma; Time series studies; Epidemiology

The nevus spilus (NS), also known as speckled lentiginous nevus or nevus on nevus, is represented by a brownish macule on which small macules of darker shades appear. It is more common on the trunk and lower limbs. The general population's prevalence is 0.2% to 2.3%, and they have a benign character. The exact risk for malignant transformation is still unknown; thus, it demands a routine clinical-dermoscopic follow-up. We present a case of malignant melanoma on acquired nevus spilus, in which early an excision was performed, with no recurrence, highlighting the importance of follow-up of these patients.

Keywords: Melanoma; Nevi and melanomas; Nevus

O queratoacantoma (QA), apesar de frequente na prática diária, é um tumor que gera questionamentos. O aspecto mais intrigante associa-se à sua posição no limite entre malignidade e benignidade. A abordagem do tumor, bem como sua classificação, é controversa. Na definição da conduta, é importante levar em conta o potencial de transformação para carcinoma espinocelular. Desse modo, a excisão cirúrgica é a terapia de escolha, sempre que possível. Algumas situações merecem atenção adicional, como a imunossupressão associada. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de QA gigante em um paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida tratado com cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs.

Keywords: Ceratoacantoma; Retalhos Cirúrgicos; Neoplasias Nasais; Neoplasias Cutâneas; Cirurgia de Mohs; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; HIV; Imunossupressão

Patients with giant congenital melanocytic nevus are at higher risk of developing melanoma. After the first diagnosis of melanoma, there is also a higher incidence of subsequent melanomas in the same patient. However, the ideal therapy for this type of nevus is still controversial. We report the case of a patient with giant congenital nevus associated with multiple synchronous melanomas and the proposed treatment.

Keywords: Melanoma; Nevi and melanomas; Neoplasms

INTRODUCTION: Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent neoplasms, and melanoma is its most aggressive form. It is responsible for most deaths due to its high metastatic potential. The early diagnosis affects the patients’ prognosis and can be encouraged by educating the population regarding self-examination of the skin and recognition of salient characteristics of the lesions.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of an educational video intervention on skin cancer with the application of a questionnaire before and after the intervention.
METHODS:Prospective quasi-experimental study that included patients assisted in the dermatology service of a public hospital in Belo Horizonte.
RESULTS: 196 patients were included. Although most participants recognized the importance of monitoring with a dermatologist (81.1%), most were unaware of melanoma (70.9%). There was a significant change in knowledge about skin neoplasms, especially regarding the ABCDE mnemonic (P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The educational intervention contributed to increasing significantly the participants’ knowledge about skin cancer. With the contact restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, actions that disseminate information and encourage self-examination of the skin become even more essential for early diagnosis.

Keywords: Knowledge; Dermatology; Education; Melanoma; Skin neoplasms

INTRODUCTION: Melanoma comprises 3% of all skin tumors and can produce metastasis with high mortality.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal behavior of mortality from skin melanoma in the capitals of Northeast Brazil from 2001 to 2017.
METHODS: We conducted an ecological time series study involving all deaths due to melanoma registered in the capitals of the Northeast region of Brazil from 2001 to 2017. Crude and standardized rates by the world and Brazilian populations were analyzed. We obtained the indicators from the National Cancer Institute (INCA). The regression model by inflection points was used in the statistical analysis, calculating the annual variation and the average annual variation percentages.
RESULTS: There were 954 deaths from melanoma. The three rates analyzed showed a linear growth trend over the time series: proportional mortality increased from 2.1% to 8.28% (AAPC 6.0%; p<0.02), the crude mortality grew from 0.22 to 0.64/100 thousand (AAPC 5.0%; p<0.01) and the mortality adjusted by the world population in the capitals of the Northeast rose from 0.28 to 0.61/100 thousand (AAPC 2.7%; p<0.01).
CONCLUSION: Mortality from melanoma grew in the Northeastern capitals, with inequality between the sexes and according to the capitals.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Melanoma; Mortality; Skin neoplasms.