Skin laxity is defined as sagging and reduced tightness of the skin. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify studies about skin laxity, focusing on causal mechanisms. Two main distinct processes of skin laxity have been previously reported, proposed here as superficial cutaneous laxity (SCL) and deep cutaneous laxity (DCL). SCL results from structural alterations in the dermis and leads to fine wrinkles and a superficial draped pattern. DCL is the result of subcutaneous sagging, mainly through relaxation and stretching of the complex formed by the adipose tissue, its septa, and the superficial fascia.

Keywords: Review; Skin; Skin Aging; Anatomy; Physiology

Phenol peels are a deep chemical exfoliation technique used for decades for facial rejuvenation, acne scars, and hyperpigmentation. The Baker-Gordon formula is the most commonly used, providing effective results but with significant risks. The procedure requires anesthesia and strict postoperative care due to possible complications such as hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, infections, scarring, and systemic toxicity, especially cardiotoxicity. This descriptive and exploratory literature review, based on articles from 2000 to 2025, highlights the method’s effectiveness but emphasizes the need for further studies on its long-term safety and on proper patient management.

Keywords: Phenol; Chemexfoliation; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

INTRODUCTION: The journal Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology (SCD), founded in 2009, has played a central role in disseminating scientific advances in dermatologic surgery, cosmetic dermatology, and related clinical practices in Brazil and Latin America. However, studies evaluating its scientific output from a bibliometric and scientific network perspective remain scarce.
OBJECTIVE: To map the principal authors, institutions, and topics covered by the journal, as well as its patterns of scientific collaboration.
METHODS: Over 1000 studies published since the inception of SCD were analyzed using data extracted from its digital archive. Bibliometric indicators and co-authorship networks were processed with specific data analysis and visualization tools.
RESULTS: The results identified the most productive and influential authors and highlighted consolidated institutional and international collaborations.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the evolution of the journal’s scientific scope and its relevance as an open-access platform for disseminating dermatological knowledge. This information may serve as a valuable resource for researchers, editors, and institutions interested in the editorial history and direction of SCD.

Keywords: Bibliometrics; Dermatological Surgical Procedures; Cosmetic Techniques; Collaboration Indicator

INTRODUCTION: Melasma is a chronic dermatosis characterized by irregular hyperpigmented patches.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of topical Centella asiatica (CA) in treating melasma using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) Score and patient satisfaction.
METHODS: This single-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) compared 1% CA ointment with 4% hydroquinone cream for 8 weeks, alongside daily sunscreen use. MASI score and patient satisfaction were measured before and after treatment, with adverse effects monitored throughout.
RESULTS: The CA group had a greater decrease in MASI scores but the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Patient satisfaction was similar between the two groups, with a slightly lower improvement in the CA group.
CONCLUSION: Both CA and hydroquinone significantly reduced MASI scores after 8 weeks, with no significant difference in effectiveness or patient satisfaction. CA may be considered a viable alternative for patients seeking comparable therapeutic outcomes with a lower risk of irritation.

Keywords: Skin Cream; Melanosis; Patient Satisfaction

INTRODUCTION: Cellulite is a highly prevalent condition among women. However, its prevalence is not currently based in high-quality population studies.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of cellulite among Brazilian women.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 385 participants and a convenience sampling. The survey was based on the Hexsel & Hexsel cellulite evaluation scale and shared by SBD members.
RESULTS: The study included 614 women, primarily between 20 and 29 years-old (32.8%). The prevalence of cellulite was 92.5%. In women between 12 and 19 years-old, the prevalence reached 72%; above 70 years-old, it was 100%. Among women reporting cellulite, 82.7% reported depressed lesions and 19.4% described elevated lesions. There was a significant association between body weight and presence of cellulite.
CONCLUSIONS: Cellulite has an estimated prevalence rate of 92.5% in the Brazilian population; it is less prevalent among adolescents (72%) and reaches scores close to 100% among women over 70 years-old. It is most prevalent among overweight and obese women.

Keywords: Cellulite; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies

Temporal triangular alopecia (TTA) is a rare condition frequently mistaken for androgenetic alopecia or other hair disorders. We comment on the recent case reported by Lucca et al., emphasizing the importance of histopathological confirmation in suspected cases to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments. Although valuable, trichoscopy may not reliably distinguish TTA from conditions such as alopecia areata, trichotillomania, or frontal fibrosing alopecia in advanced stages. Surgical correction remains the treatment of choice for confirmed TTA, but caution is warranted when considering hair transplantation in other forms of alopecia, as outcomes and safety may be compromised in the absence of diagnostic certainty.

Keywords: Alopecia; Transplantation; Pathology, Clinical; Surgery, Plastic

The treatment of eyelid ectropion remains challenging. Surgical approaches are more widely used, but techniques using hyaluronic acid have shown increasing promise. This article describes a novel technique for hyaluronic acid injection through a cannula to correct severe cicatricial ectropion secondary to lamellar ichthyosis. Despite the need for further studies, the procedure proved to be safe and easily reproducible.

Keywords: Ectropion; Hyaluronic Acid; Cannula

Pain and anxiety management during pediatric dermatological procedures is a crucial aspect of medical care. Skin biopsies can cause stress and discomfort in children, negatively impacting the relationship between health care providers, patients, and caregivers. This study describes a local anesthesia protocol based on non-pharmacological techniques, consisting of prior explanation, parental support, visual distraction, and the use of cold or vibration before pharmacological anesthesia. Implementing this protocol may reduce pain and anxiety perception while offering a low-cost, low-tech, and safe care option.

Keywords: Dermatology; Pediatric Anesthesia; Biopsy; Pain

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) are rare, benign neoplasms of the tendon sheaths, usually affecting the hands. In this case report, a 52-year-old female presented with a painless enlarging mass on the left index finger. Histopathological examination revealed a nodular lesion with foamy histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocytes. Surgical excision led to full recovery with no recurrence. This case emphasizes the importance of considering TGCTs in differential diagnosis of finger masses and highlights surgical excision as an effective treatment.

Keywords: Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Giant Cell Tumors; Hand; Surgical Procedures

Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare condition characterized by progressive unilateral facial atrophy, involving the skin, muscles, fat, and bones. Treatment aims to restore facial symmetry, with autologous fat grafting an effective option. This report describes the case of a 25-year-old woman who underwent three sessions of Coleman-type fat grafting using autologous abdominal fat. The procedure improved facial aesthetics and quality of life, with high patient satisfaction. Despite partial and unpredictable resorption of fat over the course of follow-up, this technique remains a viable alternative for correcting facial deformities.

Keywords: Transplantation, autologous; Facial Hemiatrophy; Abdominal Fat

Barraquer-Simons syndrome is characterized by progressive atrophy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue limited to the upper part of the body. The condition manifests during childhood or adolescence. Usually, there is no previous family history and the etiology remains obscure. Fat grafting has been shown to be an effective, simple, safe and low-cost therapeutic approach in the treatment of this syndrome, but longer follow-up times are necessary to enable conclusions about long-term tissue preservation. Fat grafting allows wide diffusion of the method because it provides a less invasive treatment and good aesthetic results.

Keywords: Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial; Transplants; Face

Vermilionectomy is a surgical procedure for the partial or total removal of the vermilion border, used primarily for the treatment of actinic cheilitis. W-plasty has been considered superior to classic elliptical excision because it avoids linear scars and, therefore, lip retractions. However, the classic elliptical excision is still widely used. This article reports two cases treated with both techniques that achieved similar satisfactory aesthetic results.

Keywords: Keratosis, Actinic; Lip; Surgery, Oral

O fibroxantoma atípico (FXA) é um tumor mesenquimal raro que geralmente acomete pacientes com idade avançada, do sexo masculino, em áreas fotoexpostas. É mais frequente na cabeça e pescoço, mas também pode ocorrer no tronco e nas extremidades. Atualmente, é considerado um tumor benigno de diagnóstico por exclusão, com baixa taxa de recidiva e metástase. O tratamento é realizado com excisão cirúrgica, o que permite o diagnóstico por avaliação histológica e imuno-histoquímica.

Keywords: Tórax; Oncologia Cirúrgica; Dermoscopia; Neoplasias; Imuno-Histoquímica; Sarcoma

Loxoscelism is caused by the bite of a spider of the genus Loxosceles and can result in severe skin lesions. This report describes a case of cutaneous loxoscelism in a young patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus who underwent surgical debridement and coverage with a polypropylene prosthesis using the Figueiredo technique after administration of antiloxoscelic serum and antibiotic therapy. This approach proved to be a low-cost and effective alternative, although it resulted in loss of mobility and local atrophy.

Keywords: Wounds and Injuries; Prostheses and Implants; Spider Bites

Trauma to the nail is a common cause of nail dystrophies and deformities. When not managed properly at initial presentation, nail injuries may result in permanent deformities and can cause functional and aesthetic abnormalities. This article reports on the case of a man who presented with a painful, ridged nail following trauma. The condition was treated with surgical excision of the keel-like nail plate and removal of the offending matrix.

Keywords: Nails; Nails, Malformed; Wounds and Injuries; Surgical Procedures, Operative

A collision tumor is a rare condition that occurs when two or more cutaneous tumors coexist in the same anatomic region. The objective of this study is to present the case of a 70-year-old male patient with a collision tumor of melanoma in situ and a nodular basal cell carcinoma, discussing clinical, histological, and therapeutic aspects, highlighting the importance of differential diagnosis in complex cutaneous neoplasms. Given the limited number of cases in the literature, predicting the biological behavior of collision tumors is challenging. Therefore, careful patient follow-up and further studies are necessary to better understand this condition.

Keywords: Collision Tumor; Melanoma; Basal Cell Carcinoma; Dermoscopy

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can manifest with isolated phymatous alterations. This case report describes the case of a patient with a rare and exuberant clinical presentation, successfully treated with a conventional surgical approach.

Keywords: Rosacea; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Dermatology