The prognosis of cutaneous melanomas depends mainly on the lesions' thickness; early detection is of paramount importance for patient longer survival rates. An accuracy of approximately 90% can be achieved using dermoscopic assessment. Since early melanomas might not present specific dermoscopic features, they can only be diagnosed by observing alterations over time through total body mapping and serial digital dermoscopy. Patients with atypical nevus syndrome and multiple familial melanoma presented a higher sensitivity for the detection of melanoma using that technique.

Keywords: MELANOMA; DERMOSCOPY; DYSPLASTIC NEVUS SYNDROME.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from follicular obstruction. This recurrent condition leads to the formation of fistulas and scars, which affect a patient's quality of life. The literature offers multiple therapeutic modalities, such as topical and oral antibiotics, isotretinoin, dapsone, TNF-α inhibitors, finasteride, conventional surgical therapies, and lasers (CO₂, Nd:Yag). The present article provides a review of these treatments and their indications, according to the stages of Hurley, which provides the dermatologist with a greater command of different techniques, thus leading to a more adequate treatment of patients.

Keywords: HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA; THERAPEUTIC; LASER THERAPY.

The basal cell nevus syndrome - also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome - is an autosomal dominant disorder that occurs with the development of basal cell carcinomas in young patients and other clinical and radiological findings. As this syndrome tends to be a systemic disease, a better understanding of it by the various medical specialties is important for early diagnosis, allowing appropriate treatment and secondary prevention. In the present case, the authors describe an adult patient with multiple exuberant basal cell carcinomas having spread through the body over 10 years.

Keywords: BASAL CELL NEVUS SYNDROME; CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; EPIDERMAL CYST

The Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy promoted a better quality of life for seropositive patients. However, metabolic changes in patients, such as HIV lipodystrophy syndrome, may occur with antiretroviral therapy. Thus, it is necessary to adopt strategies to prevent and treat lipodystrophy and other possible side effects of. We report the case of a female patient with prior antiretroviral therapy and decreased thickness of the lower limbs bilaterally, especially in knees and distal third of the legs. The sites with evidence of lipoatrophy were filled with polymethylmethacrylate, with satisfactory results and adherence by the patient.

Keywords: HIV-ASSOCIATED LIPODYSTROPHY SYNDROME; POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Introduction: Hidradenitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life but which has few effective therapeutic options. Currently, the use of laser technology has been standing out as a treatment. Objective: To evaluate the use of 1,340nm ND:YAP laser (Neodimiun:Ytrium Aluminum Perovskite) to treat hidradenitis. Methods: Performing 4 1,340nm ND:YAP laser sessions in 3 patients bearing hidradenitis. Results: All patients had a clinically and histologically evidenced reduction of inflammatory lesions. Conclusions: In the present study, the 1,340nm ND:YAP laser was effective in the treatment of hidradenitis, and can potentially become a new therapeutic option.

Keywords: HIDRADENITIS; LASERS; LASER THERAPY

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory, recurrent and debilitating skin disease. Its etiopathogenesis involves follicular occlusion and genetic, environmental and immunological factors. Diagnosis is predominantly clinical, and the therapeutic approach is a major challenge due to its impact on the patient's quality of life. The surgical option is the most indicated in severe cases, nevertheless there is no consensus on the ideal treatment, as outcomes are diverse, and the aesthetic aspect after the procedure is generally unfavorable. This article was aimed at reporting a surgical option with primary wound closure, whose aesthetic result was superior to those derived from traditional techniques.

Keywords: HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA; HIDRADENITIS; DERMATOLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; DERMATOLOGY; THERAPEUTICS

INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis supurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease whose mechanism is not yet fully understood. It has a direct impact on the quality of life of affected patients, but there is no well-established therapy for its treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life of patients diagnosed with HS on adalimumab using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire.
METHODS: Information was collected from patients with HS on adalimumab and standard DLQI questionnaires were applied before the beginning of treatment and at least 12 weeks after.
RESULTS: Of the three patients included, two presented decreased DLQI. Of these two, one showed significant improvement after treatment with adalimumab. The third patient showed worsening of this index.
CONCLUSIONS: The impact of hidradenitis supurativa on the quality of life of affected patients is significant and is related to factors other than adequate therapy. Life habits such as smoking and alcoholism, as well as the presence of other comorbidities, probably impact these indices. Affected patients should be assessed globally to determine the actual impact on the quality of life related to the disease in question. Thus, we suggest further studies with a larger number of patients.

Keywords: Hidradenitis suppurativa; Quality of life; Indicators of quality of life

Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a rare genodermatosis. Progressive reticular hyperpigmentation of flexural areas mainly characterizes the disease, which may be associated with a large spectrum of benign lesions and cutaneous neoplasms. It may cause psychosocial impairment due to the deformity caused by the lesions with significant aesthetic damage. We present two cases of male patients with hyperchromic macules, multiple comedones, epidermal cysts, cribriform scars on the face, cervical region, dorsum, anterior thorax, armpits, genital region, and disfiguring tumors, characteristic of DDD.

Keywords: Carcinoma; Genetics; Hidradenitis; Hidradenitis Suppurativa; Skin Pigmentation

The cuniculatum carcinoma is a rare, slow-growth, local aggressive subtype of the squamous cell carcinoma, presented as a verrucous lesion with a low metastasis capacity. Its histopathology shows keratin-filled crypts, and its etiology is linked with HPV, especially 11 and 16 subtypes. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, followed by regular monitoring due to the high risk of local recurrence. We report a case of a woman with Cuniculatum carcinoma treated with surgery with perioperative frozen section procedure, graft, and good evolution.

Keywords: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Foot

O queratoacantoma (QA), apesar de frequente na prática diária, é um tumor que gera questionamentos. O aspecto mais intrigante associa-se à sua posição no limite entre malignidade e benignidade. A abordagem do tumor, bem como sua classificação, é controversa. Na definição da conduta, é importante levar em conta o potencial de transformação para carcinoma espinocelular. Desse modo, a excisão cirúrgica é a terapia de escolha, sempre que possível. Algumas situações merecem atenção adicional, como a imunossupressão associada. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de QA gigante em um paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida tratado com cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs.

Keywords: Ceratoacantoma; Retalhos Cirúrgicos; Neoplasias Nasais; Neoplasias Cutâneas; Cirurgia de Mohs; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; HIV; Imunossupressão

INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflamatory, chronic, recurrent, and debilitating condition. There is a lack of consensus about its treatment.
OBJECTIVE: We conducted a review of the national and international literature, searching for articles that addressed the use of botulinum toxin in HS, in addition to describing the doses and techniques used.
METHODS: A bibliographic search was performed in LILACS, Medline, and SciELO.
RESULTS: Botulinum toxin can be an effective therapy in patients with HS, especially in cases of concomitant hyperhidrosis and traditional therapies fail. It offers the possibility of conducting treatment with minimal adverse events, reproducible over time without loss of effectiveness, in addition to reducing pain.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients will likely need more than one treatment over time, as the lesions tend to recur after 6 to 10 months. The technique used has been the standard for hyperhidrosis. Further research is needed to understand its role in the management of HS, including the ideal dosage and frequency of administration.

Keywords: Hidradenitis suppurativa; Hidradenitis; Botulinum toxins; Botulinum toxins, type A

Melanoma is a rare neoplasm in the pediatric population, and it is even rarer in children under 10 years of age. Total body mapping constitutes a low-cost and non-invasive method that increases diagnostic accuracy in evaluating pigmented lesions, especially in high-risk patients. We reported the case of a 9-year boy with dysplastic nevus syndrome, in which one lesion presented a subtle change (asymmetry of structures) within a 6-months follow-up. Its excision resulted in melanoma with a Breslow thickness of 1 mm and a negative sentinel lymph node. Total body mapping reduces the number of unnecessary excisions. It allows diagnosis of melanomas in early and potentially curable stages, especially in children and patients with risk factors such as dysplastic nevus syndrome. We report this case due to the rarity of the neoplasia in this age group and also to demonstrate the importance of sequential digital dermoscopy in early diagnosis of melanoma in this population.

Keywords: Dermoscopy; Melanoma; Dysplastic nevus syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease where there is a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene, with a greater predisposition to neoplasms, especially of the gastrointestinal tract. The first manifestations begin during childhood with the presence of mucocutaneous melanosis and, later, gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps. We describe a case of a young woman whose initial PJS manifestation started during her childhood with cutaneous melanosis. Three sessions with the Q-switched 1064nm Nd:YAG and 532nm KTP lasers were performed to treat the melanosis with excellent results and without recurrence.

Keywords: Lasers; Lentigo; Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis Suppurativa is a chronic inflamatory and relapsing disease. High levels of recurrence can persist even after wide local excision.
OBJECTIVE: Identify the main risk factors for postoperative complications of Hidradentis Suppurativa.
METHODS: We included journal articles with data from Google, Pubmed, Lilacs, and Scielo, in Portuguese and English, from 2000 to 2021.
RESULTS: The main risk factors that influence postoperative outcomes are related to surgical technique, disease severity, comorbidities, and adjuvant clinical therapy.

Keywords: Hidradenitis suppurativa; Risk factors; Postoperative complications