Introduction: Androgenic alopecia is a progressive alteration of the scalp with few treatment options, which motivates the search for new local or systemic medications to control this pathology.
Objective: To evaluate patient tolerance for and identify the action mechanism of the Cellium® GC compound in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.
Methods: Male patients (n = 20) with androgenic alopecia participated in this open prospective study. The compound was used on the scalp twice a day, at home, for 12 con- secutive weeks. Biopsies were carried out before and after treatment to evaluate the alterations in the cutaneous immune response, cellular proliferation and anti-apoptosis activity. Questionnaires were administered to evaluate efficacy and patient satisfaction.
Results: Nineteen patients completed the study, with an average satisfaction of 8.3 out of 10. Immunohistochemical analyses of scalp biopsies showed a significant increase in the cutaneous immune response after treatment: 73.9% increase in CD1A+ Langerhans cells (p = 0.003, t paired test), 41.7% increase in the cellular proliferation marker Ki-67+ (p = 0.012), and an 89% increase in BCL-2+ anti apoptotic proteins (p = 001). The product was also found to be tolerable and safe.
Conclusions: Cellium® GC improved the skin''''''''s immune defense and the proliferation of keratinocytes, and produced high levels of patient satisfaction in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Keywords: ALOPECIA, BIOPSY, KERACINOCYTES, MINOXIDIL

In hair transplants, the donor area can supply only a limited number of follicular units in each procedure. In the treatment of more advanced degrees of baldness, removing both a scalp strip and follicular units, one by one, is an option that allows more units to be harvested in a single session, thus providing a better density and coverage of the bald area. This article describes a technique called Untouched Strip, which, in addition to increasing the number of follicular units with the combined procedure, preserves the donor area for a possible future transplant.

Keywords: HAIR, TRANSPLANTATION, ALOPECIA

Treatment of folliculitis decalvans is a major challenge, with a great number of recurrences and required maintenance of disease activity over a long period. Laser-based hair removal has been used in the management of scarring follicular disorders. The present case report aims to illustrate the case of a patient bearing folliculitis decalvans in the lower limb who underwent five therapeutic sessions of neodymium:YAG laser (Nd:YAG), achieving complete remission of the inflammatory lesions with the treatment.

Keywords: FOLLICULITIS, LASER THERAPY, DERMATOLOGY, ALOPECIA

Tattooing has existed in humankind's culture since the onset of civilization. Tattoo removal attempts are also very ancient. The following current methods are reported for the removal of tattoos: dermabrasion, surgical excision, and laser procedures. The most commonly used lasers for tattoo removal are: QS-Nd:YAG (1,064 and 532nm), QS-Ruby (694nm) and QS-Alexandrite (755nm). The present review is aimed at studying the action mechanism of lasers for tattoo removal and the correct indication for each type of pigment, in addition to describing complications and the best manner of preventing them.

Keywords: LASERS; LASER THERAPY; TATTOOING.

Introduction: Telogen effluvium is a chronic progressive alopecia of multifactorial etiology. Nutritional deficiency-sometimes subclinical-can trigger it. Objective: To evaluate the influence of a nutritional supplementation at physiological doses in patients with telogen effluvium. Methods: The supplementation of nutrients in food doses was carried out in 60 female patients for 180 days. Results: There was a significant improvement (p <0.05) in hair loss, which was confirmed by digital phototrichogram, where there was a significant increase in anagen hairs and reduction of telogen hairs. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that in cases of telogen effluvium without an apparent cause, the replenishment of nutrients related to the hair cycle has a significant benefit in the regression of the picture as soon as after three months of treatment.

Keywords: ALOPECIA; NUTRIENTS; HAIR.

Lichen planus pigmentosus is a rare variant of lichen planus and represents a therapeutic challenge. Dermabrasion was performed with a good clinical response in the treatment of this condition, on the face of a female patient who also bears frontal fibrosing alopecia.

Keywords: DERMABRASION; LICHENOID ERUPTIONS; ALOPECIA.

Introduction: Hidradenitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life but which has few effective therapeutic options. Currently, the use of laser technology has been standing out as a treatment. Objective: To evaluate the use of 1,340nm ND:YAP laser (Neodimiun:Ytrium Aluminum Perovskite) to treat hidradenitis. Methods: Performing 4 1,340nm ND:YAP laser sessions in 3 patients bearing hidradenitis. Results: All patients had a clinically and histologically evidenced reduction of inflammatory lesions. Conclusions: In the present study, the 1,340nm ND:YAP laser was effective in the treatment of hidradenitis, and can potentially become a new therapeutic option.

Keywords: HIDRADENITIS; LASERS; LASER THERAPY

Androgenetic alopecia is a condition with an important psychological impact. Clinical treatments present variable responses and require care for long periods, a factor that decreases the chances of adhesion. Microneedling with or without minoxidil injection is a new treatment modality. This study reports cases of two male patients, aged 30 and 44 years, with satisfactory partial response to four sessions of microneedling with minoxidil and three sessions of microneedling alone, using a tattoo machine and microinfusion of drugs into the skin technique.

Keywords: ALOPECIA; MINOXIDIL; NEEDLES

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss in men and women. Nowadays, medication based treatments are the most frequently used nevertheless they yield poor results. More recently, the use of lasers has been proposed to treat this condition. At the same time, the infiltration of medications in the scalp has also been growing as a therapeutic option, although there are few scientific studies on this treatment modality.
Objective: To evaluate the results of using 1,550nm Erbium-Glass laser associated with the injection of active principles (minoxidil, finasteride, growth factors and a vitamin complex) for the treatment of male and female androgenetic alopecia.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with patients with androgenetic alopecia diagnosis, who underwent monthly sessions of the proposed combination therapy. The results were evaluated by means of comparative photographs taken before and after the treatment period and the assessment of the patients' opinion.
Results: Sixty-two patients were treated with 3 to 14 sessions; 48.39% of patients had mild improvement, and 46.77% had significant improvement. The vast majority (96.77%) was satisfied with the treatment. The patients who were very satisfied with the outcomes underwent a greater number of sessions (more than six, on average).
Conclusions: The association of 1,550nm Erbium-Glass laser therapy with the injection of active principles in the scalp is an effective and safe option for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Keywords: ALOPECIA; LASERS; THERAPEUTICS

Intradermotherapy, also known as mesotherapy, is a non-surgical procedure, minimally invasive consisting of multiple applications of pharmacological substances diluted by intradermally or subcutaneously. Adversities already been reported after treatment mesoterápico as alopecia, lichenoid rash, oleoma, psoriasis induction and skin infections. There is scant scientific information on the subject, and few studies with more rigorous methodology of the efficacy and mechanism of action of intradermally. Knowing this, there was this article having a complicating account of this method in a patient of our service, and elucidate some of its benefits and other complications.

Keywords: MESOTHERAPY; ALOPECIA; HAIR DISEASES

Introduction: Latanoprost has been shown to have potential for the treatment of hair loss evidenced by increased thickness and length of eyelashes and hypertrichosis that can be observed when it is used in the periorbital region.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of latanoprost, used isolatedly or in associations, for reducing hair loss and/or stimulating its growth in patients bearers of telogen effluvium or androgenic alopecia.
Methods: A comparative, double-blind study was carried out during 180 days, with 6 groups: G1 - placebo, G2 - 5% minoxidil, G3 - 5% minoxidil + 0.005% latanoprost, G4 - 0.005% latanoprost, G5 - 5% minoxidil + 0.010% latanoprost, G6 - 0.010% latanoprost. The total and percentage count of hair strands was carried out based on phototrichogram in the anagen and telogen phases.
Results: There was improvement in G2 (total number of hair strands, number of anagen strands in D92 and D180), G3 (total number of hair strands and number of anagen hair strands in D242), G4 (total number of strands in D182, and number of anagen hair strands in D92 and D182), and G5 (total number of hair strands in D182, percentage of telogen and anagen hair strands and number of anagen hair strands in D92 and D182). Treatment of G6 did not yield significant difference regarding the placebo.
Conclusions: The treatments with 5% minoxidil, 5% minoxidil + 0.005% latanoprost, 0.005% latanoprost, 5% minoxidil + 0.010% latanoprost were shown effective in controlling hair loss and in increasing the total number of hair strands.

Keywords: Alopecia; Hair; Minoxidil

Alopecia areata is a chronic condition of hair follicles and nails with unknown etiology, which causes hair loss. It emerges in several clinical types, with the diffuse form, where there is acute and diffuse hair loss, being atypical. It is generally accepted that there is a T-cell mediated, organ-specific autoimmune base in alopecia areata and studies indicate that the autoantigen is associated with melanocytes. The authors of the present paper report the case of a patient who had the diffuse form of alopecia areata, with preservation of the gray hair strands

Keywords: Alopecia Areata; Alopecia; Autoantigens; Hair

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of hypochromic scars is challenging, and the techniques used so far show unsatisfactory results. Bimatoprost, an analog of prostaglandin F2-alpha, has been used as a topical pigment agent, and its application as drug delivery can optimize its delivery to the dermis and potentiate pigmentation.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Ablative Fractional Laser (AFL) treatment associated with bimatoprost 0.03% drug delivery in hypopigmented scars.
METHODS: The patients were submitted to the AFL, followed by the application of bimatoprost 0.03% in 4 sessions with biweekly intervals. Clinical evaluations and standardized photographs were performed. Patients’ satisfaction was assessed using a 5-question questionnaire.
RESULTS: All patients had clinical improvement in the treated areas. The degree of patient satisfaction agreed with the clinical evaluation and photographic records.
CONCLUSION: The application of AFL associated with bimatoprost 0.03% drug delivery can be a potentially effective and safe treatment for hypochromic scars.

Keywords: Lasers; Hypopigmentation; Laser Therapy

Janus kinase inhibitors have changed the therapeutic paradigm of severe alopecia areata therapy. Some patients are refractory to dosage escalating. In this article, we describe the applicability of adjuvant oral minoxidil therapy.

Keywords: Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Hair Janus Kinases; Minoxidil

Q-switched lasers are widely used for tattoo removal. A 48-year-old-woman with a black tattoo on the left thigh was submitted to ten sessions of Q-switched Nd:YAG 1064nm laser associated with fractional CO2 laser, performed every two months. Six months after treatment end, we observed almost complete tattoo removal, besides improvement in skin texture. Q-switched lasers promote tattoo removal by a photoacoustic phenomenon. The association with fractional ablative lasers is an option for intensely pigmented tattoos or for tattoos with several colors, which are hard to remove.

Keywords: Laser Therapy; Lasers; Tattooing