Introduction: Vitiligo is an acquired idiopathic disorder characterized by hypochromic and achromic well-delimited macules.The 308 nm excimer laser can be used to treat this condition. Objective:To analyze studies published in indexed medical journals on the use of the 308 nm excimer laser in the treatment of vitiligo. Method: Adopting a qualitative approach, a survey of related articles from 2001 to 2009 was carried out using the Medline, Lilacs and Scielo databases. Results: According to the literature review, the 308 nm excimer laser achieved positive results in the treatment of vitiligo. Recent lesions and those located on the face responded better than those located elsewhere.The extremities of the body were more difficult to treat using this method.The patient’s age did not affect the outcome. On average, 11 sessions were necessary before the re-pigmentation started. Ideally, the laser application should be carried out from one to three times a week, with at least 48-hour intervals. Conclusion: The 308 nm excimer laser is effective and safe in the treatment of vitiligo when compared to other treatment modalities.The results depend on the location and the timeline of the disorder.

Keywords: VITILIGO, LASERS EXCIMER, SKIN

Introduction: Since patients with vitiligo are believed to be more susceptible to developing malignant neoplasias due to the lack of melanin in the affected skin, the use of sunscreens is critically important.
Objective: To evaluate the pattern of sunscreen usage in vitiligo patients.
Methods: A transverse study of vitiligo patients was conducted from August 2009 to April 2010. The following variables were studied using a questionnaire and physical examination: demographic data (gender, age, education level, and phototype); clinical characteristics of the condition (age at diagnosis, affected areas of the body, and clinical type); sunscreen use (frequency, protection factor, and duration of use); and habits of sun exposure.
Results: Of the 121 study subjects, 43 used sunscreen – mainly with sun protection factor 30 – on a daily basis.The variables associated with daily use were female gender (p = 0.001, OR = 4.76, 95% CI = 1.80-12.59) and recommendation by a dermatologist in the first medical visit (p = 0.047, OR=2.28, 95% CI = 1.01-5.28).
Conclusion: A pattern of sunscreen usage was determined for patients with vitiligo. In addition, it was verified that a dermatologist''''''''s recommendation to wear sunscreen had a statistically significant impact (p = 0.047, OR=2.28, 95% CI = 1.01-5.28).
Keywords: vitiligo; evaluation; sunscreening agents.

Keywords: VITILIGO, EVALUATION, SUNSCREENING AGENTS

Introduction: Vitiligo is cosmetically disfiguring and can cause significant psychological morbidity. Most therapies require protracted treatments and can lead to disappointing results. More recently, 308 nm Excimer laser has proven to be effective in treating vitiligo.
Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and patient satisfaction of 308 nm Excimer treat- ment for vitiligo patches in a variety of locations on the body.
Methods: Patients with generalized or localized vitiligo (n = 123, 321 lesions), were studied. The patients were treated at a private practice between 2007 and 2010. Two inde- pendent examiners analyzed the response to the therapy by comparing clinical and pho- tographic records before and after treatment.
Results: More than half (n = 77) of the patients presented repigmentation greater than 60%, 26 presented 40-59%, and 20% had levels less than 39%. Facial lesions responded better to treatment than those in other body parts. Elbows, hands and feet were the less sensitive areas. In general, the patients were satisfied with the treatment.
Conclusion: The use of Excimer laser for treating vitiligo was effective and safe, produc- ing satisfactory cosmetic results and improving patients'''''''' self esteem.

Keywords: VITILIGO, EXCIMER''S LASER, PHOTOTHERAPY

Introduction: Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder with great potential for cosmetic disfigurement and emotional impact on patients – especially during pregnancy. The prognosis of autoimmune diseases during pregnancy is variable, and no studies evaluating the prognosis of vitiligo during pregnancy was found in the literature review carried out by the authors. Objective: To evaluate the behavior of vitiligo during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Methods: A descriptive transversal investigation was carried out with a population of 86 women diagnosed with vitiligo, who answered a standardized questionnaire. Results: Among the women studied, only 28 patients (43.07%) had a diagnosis of vitiligo coinciding with pregnancy, totaling 57 pregnancies (33.92%) with vitiligo. Regarding the behavior of vitiligo during pregnancy, there was a worsening of vitiligo in 10 pregnancies (17.54%), stability in 38 (66.66%), and improvement in seven (12.28%). As for the evolution of vitiligo within 6 months postpartum, 16 patients (28.07%) had a worsening of the disease, 36 (63.15%) remained stable, and three (5.26%) improved. In two pregnancies (3.50%) the patient did not provide information about the behavior of the disease. Conclusion: In most patients, vitiligo remained stable during pregnancy, as well as in the 6 months postpartum.

Keywords: VITILIGO, PROGNOSIS, PREGNANCY

Introdução: Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune form of hypopigmentation or depigmentation in which half of the cases begins in childhood. Objectives: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of childhood vitiligo in a referral center for dermatology. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out based on the analysis of medical records of patients younger than 13 years diagnosed with vitiligo from 2004 to 2014. Results: Of the 113 cases identified, 54% were female and 46% male, the age ranged from 0 to 12 years, with most patients in the 4-8 years-old subgroup (54.8%). In 59% of the medical records there was no record of triggering factors of vitiligo; 31% of patients associated the onset of the illness to emotional stress, 3% to physical trauma and 7% did not associate it to any triggering factor. Conclusions: The discreet prevalence in women has also been reported in other studies. Vitiligo behavior in children is different from that observed in adults. The influence of psychological factors as triggers and potential lasting effects on self-esteem should be considered in the approach of the patient. Although studies on vitiligo in this age group are scarce in the literature, the results of the present study were similar to the reports already available in the literature.

Keywords: CHILD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VITILIGO

Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis is a dominant autosomal genodermatosis, classically characterized by facial angiofibromas, fibrotic plaques, periungual fibromas, leaf-shaped hypochromic maculae and fibrous frontal plaques.
Case report: A patient bore this disease, with Koenen tumors in all nail beds of hands and feet, which were resistant to the conventional treatment — simple excision and electrosurgery. Amputation of the nail beds was performed followed by reconstruction with full thickness skin grafts.
Conclusion: The amputation of the nail apparatus and reconstruction with full thickness skin grafts in aggressive, recurrent or high morbidity cases can be an effective therapeutic option.

Keywords: DERMATOLOGY; DERMATOLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; SKIN TRANSPLANTS

Vitiligo is a hypopigmentation disorder that is characterized by macules and selective destruction of functional epidermal melanocytes. It is characterized by defilements and circumscribed depigmented patches. Vitiligo affects around 0,5% about 0.5% -2% of the general population worldwide, and is not observed preference for sex and ethnicity. The goals of treatment are repigmentation of vitiligo and stabilization of depigmentation process. We report the case of a 53-year-old female patient who underwent underwent experimental stem cell therapy with autologous biologically expanded stem cells isolated from hair follicle, holding three sessions with three months apart. The vitiligo affected area was relatively decreased in density with a rare repigmentation pattern.

Keywords: STEM CELLS; VITILIGO; THERAPEUTICS

INTRODUCTION: Vitiligo is a chronic acquired skin disease, which evolves with depigmentation. The control of disease activity is a therapeutic challenge. Systemic corticosteroids, in daily use or in pulse doses, are the most used treatment for the disease.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of minocycline on the control over vitiligo activity compared with the corticosteroid therapy.
METHODS: Randomized clinical trial with 16 active vitiligo vulgaris patients, divided into two groups: MINO group: minocycline 100mg/day, orally, for three months; and CORT group: prednisolone 0.3mg/kg/day, orally, for two months, and 0.15 mg/kg/day in the third month. The patients were evaluated before and after the treatment by photographic records and evaluation of the scores obtained by the VIDA score (vitiligo disease activity score).
RESULTS: According to the photographic records, there was control of vitiligo activity in 100% of patients in the MINO group compared with 60% in the CORT group. In the comparison using the VIDA score, we noticed a statistically significant diference for both groups; however, we found that the reduction was greater in the MINO group, evidencing more effectiveness of minocycline in controlling the vitiligo activity.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the efficacy of minocycline in the control of active vitiligo compared with a systemic corticosteroid regimen. Additional studies should be performed to confirm its efficacy.

Keywords: Vitiligo; Minocycline; Prednisolone

Vitiligo is an acquired dyschromia that affects 0,1-3% of the world population and can cause significant psychosocial distress in patients. Surgical management became essential in the last years. Mini-punch grafting is one of the cheapest and most straightforward approaches to all surgical treatments available. A limitation of this technique is the possibility of cobblestone-like repigmentation. We describe a new technique with a dermoepidermal grafting obtained by shave excision of papule formed post punch grafting in vitiligo. It could improve the cobblestone pattern in the donor site and the repigmentation in both donor and recipient areas.

Keywords: Dermatology; Hypopigmentation; Vitiligo

O queratoacantoma (QA), apesar de frequente na prática diária, é um tumor que gera questionamentos. O aspecto mais intrigante associa-se à sua posição no limite entre malignidade e benignidade. A abordagem do tumor, bem como sua classificação, é controversa. Na definição da conduta, é importante levar em conta o potencial de transformação para carcinoma espinocelular. Desse modo, a excisão cirúrgica é a terapia de escolha, sempre que possível. Algumas situações merecem atenção adicional, como a imunossupressão associada. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de QA gigante em um paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida tratado com cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs.

Keywords: Ceratoacantoma; Retalhos Cirúrgicos; Neoplasias Nasais; Neoplasias Cutâneas; Cirurgia de Mohs; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; HIV; Imunossupressão

Sarcomas são neoplasias mesenquimais malignas, raras, que acometem, principalmente, crianças e adolescentes. O rabdomiossarcoma, subtipo oriundo da musculatura esquelética, é condição incomum em adultos, acometendo sítios de localização não habitual, crescimento rápido e de difícil tratamento. Apresenta-se caso de adulto jovem com nodulação em lóbulo auricular esquerdo, cuja análise histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica confirmou tratar-se de rabdomiossarcoma alveolar, o qual foi conduzido em conjunto com a Oncologia.

Keywords: Rabdomiossarcoma Alveolar; Miogenina; Desmina; Excisão de Linfonodo

Modern hair transplant is constantly evolving. We intend to demonstrate our techniques and methodologies, and especially to describe the dynamics of the entire surgical process of the FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction), technique, from the discussion of the surgical strategy with the patient and evaluation of the donor area to extraction and implantation. The dermatologist must understand the complexity of the procedure and the need for adequate training to achieve a good surgical result.

Keywords: Alopecia; Hair; Hair follicle; Transplant donor site

Hair transplant is a common procedure worldwide, and the method of extracting follicular units is currently the most used. This technique is used not only for androgenetic alopecia but also for other areas such as eyebrows and beard. It is essential to observe the angle of the incisions and implantation of the hairs to conduct the eyebrow transplant so the result is as natural as possible. However, in addition to being rigorous with the design of the shape and position of the eyebrow, care must be taken with the preparation from the receiving site.

Keywords: Transplants; Alopecia; Hair follicle

Hair transplantation is an option for anyone with Androgenetic Alopecia, including transgender patients who want to align their appearance with their gender identity. Thus, hair transplantation can help transform appearance and boost self-esteem, especially if hair loss is a source of gender dysphoria. We report two cases of hair transplantation in transgender patients with good results, using the Follicular Unit Extraction and Follicular Unit Transplantation techniques. Due to the scarcity of specific articles about hair transplantation in this population, we report these cases for a better understanding of the specific needs of these patients.

Keywords: Hair; Transplants; Transgender People; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Feminization.