Acne in adult women is defined as an acneic picture present in women from 25 years of age. It can onset in adolescence and continue into adulthood or appear in the latter phase. It has an impact on personal relationships and can lead to introspection and depression. It is predominantly characterized by inflammatory lesions located preferentially on the chin and neck. Its causes have not yet been fully elucidated. Its pathogenesis involves circulating androgens in combination with other factors such as heredity, stress, ultraviolet exposure, obesity, diet, smoking habits and the presence of associated endocrine disorders. Treatment includes the arsenal for treating acne vulgaris combined with other therapies.

Keywords: ACNE; HYPERANDROGENISM; PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES; HYPERINSULINISM

Acne vulgaris is a very common dermatosis affecting the general population. Due to its prevalence, it is a much studied pathology. A number of studies on the subject are published on a yearly basis, including those on its pathogenesis. The present review aims at compiling the classically known etiopathogenic factors of acne vulgaris and introducing new concepts, such as the inflammatory nature of this condition. This new knowledge is crucial in the search for the best treatment option.

Keywords: ACNE VULGARIS; PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES; LINOLEIC ACID

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is one of the main microorganisms found on the skin. It is predominantly found in hair follicles, prefers anaerobic conditions, preferably colonizes the areas with high sebum production, and is the main bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of acne. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics for the treatment of acne vulgaris can result in the development of bacterial resistance. The present article is aimed at updating dermatologists with the most current data - from the classification to the physiopathogenic mechanisms involved in bacterial resistance to P. acnes and its possible clinical implications.

Keywords: PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; ACNE VULGARIS

Description of a case where a female patient who received facial filling with polymethylmethacrylate developed late formation of a nodule and ipsilateral trigeminal neuralgia. The authors question whether there is a possible link between the two morbidities, which could have a common triggering factor or a causal relationship with each other.

Keywords: GRANULOMA; POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE; TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

Endometriosis is a common dermatosis that most typically affects the pelvic organs. Extra-pelvic occurrences are reported in the literature. Umbilical endometriosis is rare and can be primary (spontaneous) or secondary (after surgery). The present study describes the case of a female patient with endometriosis lesions in the umbilical region, confirmed by histology. Treatment was carried out with wide surgical excision. It is important to note that differential diagnosis should be considered in the presence of umbilical tumors in women of reproductive age.

Keywords: ENDOMETRIOSIS; SISTER MARY JOSEPH'S NODULE; ABDOMINAL NEOPLASMS; ABDOMINAL WALL; ADENOMYOSIS

Lip cancer corresponds to 25-35% of all oral cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type in this location (95%). Various wound reconstruction options are described for the exeresis of this type of tumor in the lower lip - the choice depending on the surgeon's experience and the proportion of the final defect regarding the dimensions of the lip. The present article describes the case of a male patient with a wound in the lower lip that was histologically diagnosed as an invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Mohs surgery was implemented and a transposition flap (Abbé flap) was used in the reconstruction of the upper lip. The complete opening of the mouth, without functional impairment of the speech or chewing function, and a favorable aesthetic result, were observed in the follow-up, thus demonstrating the usefulness of this type of reconstruction.

Keywords: MOHS SURGERY; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; RECONSTRUCTION

Rhinophyma is characterized by the hyperplasia of sebaceous glands in the nasal region, associated with a nodular thickening of the skin, enlargement of the pores, and fibrosis in the later stages. It occurs most commonly in male patients bearing rosacea, and may be associated with phymas in the region of the mentum (gnatophyma), ears (otophyma) and forehead (metophyma). The present article describes a case of giant rhinophyma with significant impact on the patient's quality of life, hampering breathing, sleeping, and eating. The lesion was successfully treated with electrosurgery.

Keywords: ELECTROSURGERY; RHINOPHYMA; DERMATOLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES

The authors describe the case of a 54-year-old woman presenting papules and yellowish plaques on the right thigh for 15 years, which clinically resembled a plane xanthoma. An anatomical pathological examination evidenced a mature adipose tissue in the dermis, with a diagnosis of superficial cutaneous lipomatous nevus, a rare benign hamartomatous malformation characterized by the presence of ectopic mature adipocytes in the dermis.

Keywords: NEVUS; ADIPOCYTES; XANTHOMATOSIS

Squamous cell carcinoma is related to exposure to UVB radiation and the presence of chronic cutaneous lesions. Folliculitis decalvans is a cicatricial alopecia that develops with the inflammation of the scalp. In the medical literature, the association between folliculitis decalvans and squamous cell carcinoma is rare, a factor motivating this report. A 66-year-old male patient, bearer of folliculitis decalvans since childhood, complained of progressive growth of lesions in the alopecia area. The biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. This case report covers the concept of "Marjolin ulcer" for including folliculitis decalvans as inflammatory lesion precursor of squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords: ALOPECIA; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; FOLLICULITIS

Lichen sclerosus is an uncommon condition affecting both the genital and extragenital region, the latter constituting an atypical occurrence of the disorder. The use of topical corticosteroids is considered the first-line treatment of this genital disease. Extragenital lesions are less sensitive to this therapy. The present study describes a case of lichen sclerosus in an 82-year-old female patient, with widespread extragenital involvement and successful treatment with narrow band UVB phototherapy. Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis and disseminated forms of the condition are rare, with an absence of consensus on the treatment of the extragenital form. The choice for narrow band UVB therapy was based on the literature.

Keywords: LICHEN SCLEROSUS ET ATROPHICUS; ATROPHY; PHOTOTHERAPY

The reconstruction of the eyelid is a considerable challenge for surgeons due to the fact that it is a delicate organ of the utmost importance. The procedure is indicated in defects of congenital origin, post-trauma, or neoplasia. There are many techniques described in the literature. The authors report a case of a female patient bearer of xeroderma pigmentosum with extensive basal cell carcinoma in the lower right eyelid, who underwent tumor resection and reconstruction of the lower eyelid using the modified Fricker technique with excellent functional and aesthetic result.

Keywords: CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; EYELIDS; SURGICAL FLAPS

The proper application of topical medications is a key factor in their effectiveness. The common coffee stirrer with rounded edges: an ideal application tool for imiquimod.

Keywords: IMMUNOMODULATION; CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; BOWEN'S DISEASE