Introduction: Phenol has been used in medicine for several decades, but many aspects of its systemic toxicity are not completely known.
Objective: Evaluating the renal and cardiac toxicities of phenol absorbed percutaneously in facial peelings.
Material and methods: A prospective, comparative, randomized study was undertaken with 4 groups of 15 patients each, with 4 different types of facial peelings: pure, at 50 and 88% in continuous applications, pure at 88%, and associated with Baker’s Formula with applications at specific time intervals. Urinary levels of this substance were determined by gas chromatography and cardiac changes by a continuous electrocardiogram for 24 hours (Holter).
Results: Gas chromatography showed fast phenol elimination in the urine, with a half-life of 6 to 8 hours. Cardiac changes seen on the Holter were observed in all groups, which stopped immediately without medical intervention.
Conclusions: Phenol, used in facial peelings, does not affect renal function, but it can cause arrhythmias in susceptible individuals, which are not related with the concentration or technique used.

Introduction: Muscle activity at the glabella causes wrinkles that are perpendicular to muscle contraction. Such wrinkles are currently treated with botulinum toxin. However, interpersonal local contraction variations are revealed during facial animation. Although a great number of articles on this topic have been published, the patterns of glabellar contraction have not yet been adequately studied and classified. Objective: To identify and classify the glabellar contraction patterns found in the population undergoing cosmetic treatment with botulinum toxin. Methods: Retrospective photographic analysis of 30 patients receiving botulinum toxin for the treatment of glabellar wrinkles.The contraction patterns were identified and classified based on the prevalence of lowering, approximation, or lifting movements at the glabella. Results: Five patterns were identified: 1) "U," 2) "V," 3) "Omega," 4) "Converging Arrows,” and 5) "Inverted Omega." The classification method allowed indentifying the most important muscles in each contraction pattern. Conclusion: There are interpersonal variations in facial animation. The classification of glabellar wrinkles enables a more accurate, individualized treatment with botulinum toxin. The most heavily used muscles receive higher doses or are injected into a larger number of sites. Those less solicited muscles are left untreated or receive lower doses, allowing for more effective and natural results.

Keywords: CLASSIFICATION, BOTULINUM TOXINS, REJUVENATION

The concept of facial rejuvenation currently includes a three-dimensional perspective, which recognizes as signs of aging not only the loss of the skin's texture and the emergence of expression wrinkles, but also the volumetric losses secondary to bone remodeling and redistribution of facial fat. This article was aimed at reviewing the literature on poly-L-lactic acid for facial rejuvenation – including its indications, injection techniques, expected results and possible adverse effects – and offer practical guidelines, based on the authors' 12-year experience with the product.

Keywords: SKIN AGING; INJECTIONS; COLLAGEN