Introduction: Diverse anatomical characteristics and varied kinetic spectra determine the specific contraction patterns of individuals'''''''' frontal facial musculature.
Objective: To identify and classify the frontal facial musculature contraction patterns in patients who sought care for treating frontal facial wrinkles.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of pictures taken from 83 patients.The muscular contraction pattern was classified according to the predominant hyperkinetic area that was observed in the picture in the frontal muscle''''''''s maximum contraction.
Results: Three contraction patterns were identified: total, medial and lateral. In 50.6% of cases, the total pattern was observed: the horizontal rhytids present in the center of the forehead extend laterally beyond the mediopupillary line, up to the end of the brows.The medial pattern was observed in 25.3% of cases: the horizontal rhytids are concentrated in the central region of the forehead, predominantly contained between the mediopupillary lines.The lateral pattern was observed in 24% of the cases: the horizontal rhytids prevail on the sides of the forehead, mainly occurring laterallyto the mediopupillary line.
Conclusions: The identification and classification of Frontalis muscle contraction patterns provides an individualized approach for each patient, which is one of the most important pillars of a successful treatment plan.

Keywords: A BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE, MUSCLE CONTRACTION, CLASSIFICATION

This paper describes a lip filling technique that administers hyaluronic acid using microcannulas. This technique considerably reduces the number of punctures compared to the conventional method, which uses needles. In addition, the microcannula’s blunt tip reduces the risks of intravascular injection of the substance and of disrupting key structures such as vessels and nerves. The results obtained by the authors confirm the less frequent occurrence of adverse effects and a high degree of physician and patient satisfaction.

Keywords: HIALURONIC ACID, LIP, REJUVENATION

The techniques for filling the nasojugal fold with hyaluronic acid are widely discussed by dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and ophthalmologists but lack consensus in the recent literature reviews. Due to the location of the nasojugal fold – in a topographic region that has thin skin, is close to the eye, and is intensely vascularized – the application of hyaluronic acid with needles can cause undesired complications such as intravascular injection, echymoses, and hematomas. Thus, an innovative hyaluronic acid filling technique for this area was developed based on the careful evaluation of patients: retroinjection with the 30G microcannula.

Keywords: HYALURONIC ACID, STAPHYSAGRIA, REJUVENATION