Periocular basal cell carcinoma with orbital invasion: a case report

Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent periocular neoplasm. Although mortality is low, orbital invasion represents a severe complication associated with high morbidity. We report the case of a 49-year-old male smoker with an aggressively evolving periocular lesion culminating in amaurosis. Treatment included orbital exenteration and complex reconstruction using local and regional flaps, complicated by partial necrosis and bone exposure, requiring multiple debridements. Histopathological examination revealed a sclerodermiform pattern with squamous differentiation. This case highlights the devastating consequences of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma as well as the importance of early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to prevent deformity and loss of function.

Keywords: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Orbital Exenteration; Skin Neoplasms