Questoes e Gabaritos
1. It is correct to state that
a. somatic stem cells are found exclusively in the skin,
bone marrow, and adipose tissue
b. the renewal capacity of stem cells is linked to the
process of differentiation into other types of cells
c. the interaction between different types of cells that are
present in the niches is responsible for the differentiation of
stem cells
d. iPSCs are obtained from embryonic stem cells
e. the epidermis is renovated with cells originally from
the sweat glands
2. Which of the following is false?
a. Transcription factors (TF) are proteins involved in gene
transcription
b. The binding of transcription factors to DNA
sequences may block the activation of genes
c. Genes that are transcribed based on the interaction of
TFs may regulate cell division
d. TFs have been introduced into adult cells, transforming
them into embryonic cells
e. The use of iPSCs allows the in vitro study of drugs and
diseases
3. About stem cells derived from adipose tissue, it is
false to state that
false to state that
a. they are similar to bone marrow mesenchymal cells
b. they can generate osseous and cartilage tissues
c. they increase the recurrence of breast cancers due to
the effect of cytokines
d. they are used to enrich fat grafts
e. enriched fat grafts can be used in reconstructions after
radiation therapy
4. The bulge region has stem cells
a. that are responsible for reconstructing the lower portion
of the hair follicle in the anagen phase
b. that are precursors of melanocytes
c. that are responsible for regenerating the sebaceous gland
d. none of the above
e. a, b, and c
5. In the epidermis, there are stem cells in the basal layer
that
that
a. migrate to the more superficial layers of the skin
without differentiating
b. form units of epidermal proliferation
c. divide into identical daughter cells, which repopulate
the affected epidermis
d. exclusively repopulate the epidermis
e. divide asymmetrically in the hair follicle bulge
6. The onset of the anagen phase is characterized by
a. the bulge region’s cells signalling for that phase’s
characteristic migration and differentiation
b. the asymmetric division of basal layer cells
c. the migration of the bulge’s melanocytes to the basal
layer of the epidermis
d. the differentiation of melanocyte precursors in the base
of hair follicles due to the stimulation of adipocytes
e. the regeneration of sebaceous and sweat glands
7. Regarding alopecia,
a. the androgenic action is responsible for inhibiting the
signalling that leads to differentiation in the bulge cells
b. factors that stimulate the differentiation of bulge cells
can be used to treat lichen planopilaris alopecia, given its
pathogenesis
c. inflammatory infiltrate in the bulge explains the
regrowth in alopecia areata
d. CD8 lymphocytes must be targeted in the treatment of
non-cicatricial alopecia
e. the niche cells in the bulge area are not affected
8. Reprogramming somatic cells can be useful, except for
a. obtaining cell types for studying drugs
b. treating spinal cord lesions with embryonic cells
c. in areas of medicine in which it is difficult to obtain
biopsies, as in psychiatry
d. in understanding the pathogenesis of various diseases
e. in regenerating injured tissues due to various
pathological processes
9. In the anagen phase,
a. there is apoptosis in the lower portion of the follicle
b. there is a migration of melanocytes from the basal layer
to the hair pigmentation
c. the bulge mesenchymal cells release cytokines that act
on the precursors of keratinocytes in this region
d. the keratinocytes receive signals from mesenchymal cells
and enter into a resting state until the next anagen phase
e. the hair pigmentation precedes the bulge keratinocytes’
signalling about the precursors of melanocytes
10. Skin stem cells are
a. embryonic
b. responsible for differentiating into various tissues
c. reprogrammed by transcription factors
d. easily characterized
e. arranged in niches
Gabarito do número anterior
